Figure 2 | Scientific Reports

Figure 2

From: The efficiency of a clinical pathway to guide combined applications of interventional pulmonology in undiagnosed pleural effusions

Figure 2

A primary systemic amyloidosis with transudative pleural effusions. Bilateral pleural effusions and prominent lesions on the right side were shown on images of the lung window (A). New lesions on the bilateral pulmonary field were identified as oedema after diagnostic thoracentesis and drainage (B, C). Oedema and hyperaemia on the pleura of the diaphragmatic surface (E) and irregular plaque of the parietal pleura near the costophrenic angle (D) were shown by medical thoracoscopy, and amyloidosis was suspected by histopathology. Diffuse left ventricular hypertrophy and prominent interventricular septum were shown by magnetic resonance imaging (F), and heart valve regurgitation existed. Cardiac amyloidosis was identified by myocardial biopsy (G, H), and amyloid-associated protein was deposited in the myocardial intercellular space and subendocardial layer on pathological slices (Congo red staining, 200 times magnification).

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