Figure 14 | Scientific Reports

Figure 14

From: Anti-neoplastic action of Cimetidine/Vitamin C on histamine and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in Ehrlich breast cancer

Figure 14The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

Shows the role of tumor-associated mast cells and their mediators (histamine, VEGF, and TNF-α) within the TME as well as the proposed mechanism of the anti-tumor effect of Cimetidine/Vitamin C by modulating mast cells mediators resulting in the restoring of oxidative stress balance, inhibition of angiogenesis and inactivation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway leading to cancer cells apoptosis. TAMC tumour associated mast cell, TME tumour microenviroment, ROS reactive oxygen species, H2R histamine receptor 2, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor, TNF-α tumour necrosis factor alpha, cAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate, PKA protein kinase A, IRS-1 insulin receptor substrate-1, PI3K phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, AKT serine/threonine kinase-1, m-TOR mammalian target of rapamycin.

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