Table 2 Comparison of pixelization results using VBPSO and BPSO.
From: Low-profile dual-band pixelated defected ground antenna for multistandard IoT devices
V-shaped BPSO | Standard BPSO | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Iteration | FF value | S11 @3.5 GHz (dB) | S11 @ 5.8 GHz (dB) | Iteration | FF value | S11 @3.5 GHz (dB) | S11 @ 5.8 GHz (dB) |
1 | − 2.992 | − 4.39 | − 5.67 | 1 | − 2.711 | − 5.57 | − 1.14 |
2 | − 5.723 | − 8.31 | − 11.41 | 2 | − 2.858 | − 0.63 | − 6.46 |
5 | − 6.096 | − 8.23 | − 11.39 | 3 | − 3.267 | − 0.62 | − 11.28 |
7 | − 7.284 | − 6.98 | − 20.35 | 4 | − 3.629 | − 6.00 | − 1.35 |
30 | − 7.836 | − 15.44 | − 11.17 | 6 | − 3.988 | − 5.82 | − 0.50 |
45 | − 8.426 | − 9.30 | − 9.71 | 7 | − 4.456 | − 5.91 | − 14.52 |
64 | − 9.016 | − 24.84 | − 10.66 | 14 | − 5.675 | − 7.44 | − 9.97 |
70 | − 9.088 | − 13.25 | − 8.96 | 19 | − 6.252 | − 11.04 | − 10.34 |
78 | − 9.351 | − 19.48 | − 13.18 | 39 | − 6.544 | − 15.86 | − 17.76 |
81 | − 9.516 | − 19.05 | − 15.94 | 73 | − 7.359 | − 14.54 | − 2.16 |
86 | − 9.614 | − 17.16 | − 15.76 | 100 | − 7.359 | − 14.54 | − 2.16 |
96 | − 9.650 | − 20.56 | − 18.64 | – | – | – | – |
100 | − 9.650 | − 20.56 | − 18.64 | – | – | – | – |
