Table 3 Amount of nitrogen (kg ha−1) and valuation of organic residues.

From: Nitrogen balance and efficiency as indicators for monitoring the proper use of fertilizers in agricultural and livestock systems

 

Treatments

CROP

LS

ICLS-1

ICLS-2

ICLS-3

ICLS-4

p

Straw

188.03a

–

129.15ab

99.98b

84.97b

102.47b

0.0035

LD

–

436.49

383.51

377.31

393.78

384.61

0.3227

Urine

–

428.75a

341.01b

331.97b

334.09b

350.04b

 < 0.0001

Feces

–

117.74a

93.64b

91.16b

91.74b

96.12b

 < 0.0001

Org Res

188.03b

982.98a

947.31a

900.43a

904.58a

933.24a

 < 0.0001

L. Volat

52.65b

275.24a

265.25a

252.12a

253.28a

261.31a

 < 0.0001

Urea

300.86b

1572.78a

1515.69a

1440.69a

1447.32a

1493.18a

 < 0.0001

Value ($)

84.15b

439.89a

423.93a

402.95a

404.80a

417.63a

 < 0.0001

  1. Means followed by distinct letters are statistically different, according to the Tukey’s test at a 5% probability level.
  2. Average tonne of urea (2010–2020); kg urea = $0.28 (Source: World Bank Price Data).
  3. Value: estimated value of organic residues.
  4. CROP production of maize grain, LS production of beef cattle in pasture, ICLS-1 maize and Marandu grass sowed simultaneously without herbicide, ICLS-2 maize and Marandu grass sowed simultaneously with herbicide, ICLS-3 delayed sowing of maize and Marandu grass, ICLS-4 maize and Marandu grass sowed simultaneously in maize lines and interlines with herbicide, LD litter deposited, Org Res organic residue, amount of nitrogen in straw, litter deposited, urine and feces, L. volat losses of nitrogen by volatilization, urea equivalent to the urea fertilizer, with 45% of N.
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