Table 2 Consumption of copper and chrome during plating.

From: Sustainable and green manufacturing of gravure printing cylinder for flexible packaging printing application

Engraving types

Circumference (mm)

Length (mm)

Total thickness, (µm)

Density (g/cm3)

Copper consumption (kg)

Copper-plating

EME

520

1100

170 ± 5

8.96

0.87 ± 0.03

LE

520

1100

95 ± 2

8.96

0.49 ± 0.02

Copper saved per cylinder

0.38 ± .03

Chrome-plating

EME

520

1100

11 ± 0.5

7.19

0.045

LE

520

1100

5 ± 0.2

7.19

0.020

Chrome saved per cylinder

0.024