Figure 6

The effect of different Astragalus extracts on mRNA expression of proximal convoluted tubule and the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle transporters and their coefficient plot of OPLS model. (A): Comparison between different groups according to mRNA expression of different renal transporters acting on proximal convoluted tubule and loope of Henle, (B): Coefficient plot of OPLS model for diuretic mechanisms; (1) NHE-1 (2) Aquaporin (3) NKCC2. ANOVA test was used to compare between the different groups with Post Hoc Test (Tukey) to compare different groups. *: Statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05, **: Statistically significant at p ≤ 0.001, N: Statistically non-significant (p > 0.05), n = 8; all results are presented as mean ± SD. (Cirr.: induced cirrhosis by i.p. administration of CCl₄ (diluted 1:6 with mineral oil) as follows: The first 10 doses were received every 5 days, the subsequent 10 doses were administered every 4 days, and the last 7 doses were given every 3 days, As: Astragalus spinosus, At: Astragalus trigonus, ar: aerial organs, rt: root organs, D1: low dose, D2: medium dose, D3: high dose, NHE1: sodium–hydrogen antiporter 1, NKCC 2: Na–K–Cl co-transporter 2.