Table 3 3D changes using the registration on the palate through regions of interest (PR).

	Experimental group (n = 24)		Comparison group (n = 25)		Mean difference	95%CI (mean difference)		P value
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean difference	95%CI (mean difference)		P value
Medio-lateral displacement
Mx.1	− 0.26	0.40	− 0.26	0.37	0.01	− 0.22	0.23	0.653^†
Mx.2	0.05	0.44	− 0.05	0.60	0.09	− 0.25	0.43	0.579^‡
Mx.6	− 0.18	0.41	0.13	0.29	− 0.31	− 0.51	− 0.11	0.003^‡*
Antero-posterior displacement
Mx.1	0.42	0.80	0.46	0.59	− 0.04	− 0.44	0.37	0.509^†
Mx.2	0.82	0.55	0.77	0.51	0.05	− 0.29	0.38	0.775^‡
Mx.6	0.62	0.41	0.94	0.57	− 0.32	− 0.60	− 0.03	0.029^‡*
Supero-inferior displacement
Mx.1	1.94	0.78	1.88	1.10	0.06	− 0.49	0.61	0.836^‡
Mx.2	1.55	0.80	1.40	0.79	0.15	− 0.36	0.66	0.553^‡
Mx.6	0.43	0.38	0.56	0.47	− 0.13	− 0.38	0.12	0.305^‡
3D displacement
Mx.1	2.29	0.81	2.26	0.93	0.03	− 0.47	0.53	0.900^‡
Mx.2	2.05	0.69	1.94	0.62	0.10	− 0.31	0.52	0.615^‡
Mx.6	1.04	0.37	1.36	0.46	− 0.32	− 0.56	− 0.08	0.005^†*
Buccolingual inclination
Mx.1	− 3.57	3.48	− 3.68	3.56	0.11	− 1.92	2.13	0.914^‡
Mx.2	− 3.23	4.51	− 1.56	4.05	− 1.67	− 4.38	1.04	0.293^†
Mx.6	− 1.33	2.92	0.83	2.50	− 2.16	− 3.72	− 0.60	0.008^‡*
Mesiodistal angulation
Mx.1	0.55	3.23	− 0.02	2.36	0.57	− 1.05	2.20	0.479^‡
Mx.2	− 3.02	2.95	− 0.42	3.64	− 2.60	− 4.74	− 0.46	0.018^‡*
Mx.6	3.07	2.91	2.93	3.57	0.13	− 1.75	2.01	0.888^‡

^†Mann Whitney U test; ^‡t test; SD, Standard deviation; Mx.1, maxillary central incisor; Mx.2 maxillary lateral incisor; Mx.6, maxillary first molar; (−) values denote medial/posterior/superior displacements, lingual inclination and distal angulation; (+) values denote lateral/anterior/inferior displacements, buccal inclination and mesial angulation.
*Statistically significant at P < 0.05.

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