Table 2 Fixed simulation parameters.

From: A non-invasive multipoint product temperature measurement for pharmaceutical lyophilization

Parameter

Dimension

Value

Ice heat capacity

J/Kg/K

1967.8

Product heat capacity

J/kg/K

1715

Vapor heat capacity

J/kg/K

1674.7

Latent heat of sublimation

J/kg

\(2.838\times 10^{-6}\)

Ice thermal conductivity

W/m/K

2.1

Product thermal conductivity

W/m/K

0.028

Vapor thermal conductivity

W/m/K

0.025

Vapor molar mass

g/mol

18

Vapor viscosity

\(Pa\times s\)

Equation 4

Ice density

\(kg/m^3\)

913

Product density

\(kg/m^3\)

75

Silica glass heat capacity

J/kg/K

830

Silica glass density

\(kg/m^3\)

2230

Silica glass thermal conductivity

W/m/K

1.14