Table 2 Detection results of the tested samples by the PCR-LFA.

From: A PCR-lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (PCR-LFA) for detecting Aristolochia species, the plants responsible for aristolochic acid nephropathy

Samples

Scientific Name/Sample Name

T1 line

T2 line

C line

Detected species

Aristolochia species

A. pierrei Lecomte

++

++

++

Aristolochia sp.

A. pothieri Pierre ex Lecomte

++

++

++

Aristolochia sp.

A. acuminata Lam

++

++

++

Aristolochia sp.

A. gigantea Mart. Et Zucc

++

++

++

Aristolochia sp.

A. grandiflora Sw

++

++

++

Aristolochia sp.

A. cambodiana Pierre ex

++

++

++

Aristolochia sp.

A. littoralis Parodi

++

++

++

Aristolochia sp.

A. ringens Vahl

++

++

++

Aristolochia sp.

A. tentaculata O.C.Schmidt

++

++

++

Aristolochia sp.

Non-Aristolochia species

Cynanchum pulchellum (Wall.) Liede & Khanum

++

++

Non-Aristolochia sp.

Trichosanthes scabra Lour

++

++

Non-Aristolochia sp.

Jasminum sambac (L.) Aiton

++

++

Non-Aristolochia sp.

Jasminum adenophyllum Wall. ex C.B.Clarke

++

++

Non-Aristolochia sp.

Crude drugs

C1

 + 

++

++

Aristolochia sp.

C2

 + 

++

++

Aristolochia sp.

C3

 + 

++

++

Aristolochia sp.

C4

 + 

++

++

Aristolochia sp.

C5

 + 

++

Non-Aristolochia sp.

C6

 + 

++

++

Aristolochia sp.

C7

 + 

++

++

Aristolochia sp.

C8

 + 

++

++

Aristolochia sp.

Herbal formulae

F0 (YMVT)

++

++

Non-Aristolochia sp.

F1

++

++

++

Aristolochia sp.

F2

 + 

 + 

++

Aristolochia sp.

F3

++

++

Non-Aristolochia sp.

F4

++

 + 

++

Aristolochia sp.

  1. Authentic Aristolochia spp. and selected plants were challenged with the PCR-LFA method.
  2. ++: clearly pink color.
  3.  + : faint pink color.
  4. –: coloration was not observed.