Table 4 Combined effect of hypertension and diabetes mellitus on SCA.

From: Hypertension and diabetes including their earlier stage are associated with increased risk of sudden cardiac arrest

Hypertension and DM status

n

SCA

Follow-up duration (person-years)

Incidence

Hazard ratio with 95% confidence interval

Univariate

Multivariate

No HTN, DM, pre-HTN, and IFG

1,109,597

1,645

9,214,601

0.179

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Either pre-HTN or IFG

2,015,257

5,725

16,632,822

0.344

1.930 (1.827–2.038)

1.281 (1.211–1.354)

Either HTN or DM

754,106

6,146

6,104,496

1.007

5.640 (5.341–5.956)

1.901 (1.793–2.017)

Both HTN and DM

177,463

2,836

1,393,458

2.035

11.445 (10.770–12.162)

3.078 (2.877–3.293)

  1. Incidence is per 1000 person-years of follow-up.
  2. Multivariate model is adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, waist circumference, smoking status, alcohol consumption, regular physical activity, income level, ɣ-glutamyl transferase, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and chronic kidney disease.
  3. DM diabetes mellitus, HTN hypertension, IFG impaired fasting glucose, SCA sudden cardiac arrest.
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