Table 1 Baseline characteristics.

From: A simple proteinuria-based risk score predicts contrast-associated acute kidney injury after percutaneous coronary intervention

 

Contrast-associated acute kidney injury (-) (n = 1190)

Contrast-associated acute kidney injury ( +) (n = 64)

P-value

Age, years

69.9 ± 11.1

73.7 ± 9.4

 < 0.01

Male, n (%)

867 (72.9)

40 (62.5)

0.08

BMI, kg/m2

24.0 ± 4.2

22.4 ± 4.2

 < 0.01

SBP, mmHg

134 ± 21

131 ± 24

0.35

DBP, mmHg

71 ± 14

69 ± 14

0.34

Emergency procedure, n (%)

207 (17.4)

28 (43.8)

 < 0.01

STEMI

127 (10.7)

18 (28.1)

 < 0.01

NSTEMI

80 (6.7)

10 (15.6)

0.02

Comorbidities, n (%)

Hypertension

943 (79.2)

59 (92.2)

 < 0.01

Diabetes mellitus

478 (40.2)

33 (51.6)

0.07

Heart failure

241 (20.3)

36 (56.3)

 < 0.01

Dyslipidemia

825 (69.3)

34 (53.1)

 < 0.01

Prior myocardial infarction

373 (31.3)

14 (21.9)

0.10

CKD

501 (42.1)

54 (84.4)

 < 0.01

Smoking

314 (26.4)

18 (28.1)

0.76

Laboratory data

Hematocrit, %

39.3 ± 5.1

35.9 ± 6.1

0.78

LDL-C, mg/dL

106.4 ± 35.5

109.2 ± 38.3

0.55

HDL-C, mg/dL

50.3 ± 13.9

50.5 ± 21.0

0.91

Triglyceride, mg/dL

150.7 ± 95.7

145.4 ± 79.0

0.66

FBS, mg/dL

144.9 ± 61.9

156.3 ± 79.1

0.18

HbA1c, %

6.7 ± 3.2

6.8 ± 1.5

0.85

SCr, mg/dL

0.9 ± 0.3

1.4 ± 0.6

 < 0.01

eGFR, ml/min/1.73m2

63.0 ± 19.1

43.7 ± 17.0

 < 0.01

NT-proBNP, pg/mL

1000 ± 3260

5898 ± 12,432

 < 0.01

Proteinuria, n (%)

269 (22.6)

39 (60.9)

 < 0.01

LVEF, %

61.4 ± 12.1

52.5 ± 14.4

 < 0.01

Contrast media volume, ml

175.4 ± 63.1

188.1 ± 66.1

0.79

IABP/ECMO, n (%)

24 (2.0)

7 (10.9)

 < 0.01

Medications, n (%)

Aspirin

993 (83.4)

40 (62.5)

 < 0.01

ACEI

142 (11.9)

13 (20.3)

0.06

ARB

617 (51.8)

32 (50.0)

0.77

β-blocker

403 (33.9)

21 (32.8)

0.86

Calcium channel blocker

544 (46.6)

38 (59.4)

0.03

Oral hypoglycemic agents (excluding metformin)

416 (35.0)

29 (45.3)

0.09

Metformin

113 (9.5)

5 (7.8)

0.64

Insulin

62 (5.2)

7 (10.9)

0.08

Statin

803 (67.5)

26 (40.6)

 < 0.01

Loop diuretics

216 (18.2)

26 (40.6)

 < 0.01

MRA

67 (5.6)

5 (7.8)

0.49

  1. ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; BMI, body mass index; CKD, chronic kidney disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FBS, fasting blood sugar; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pumping; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor inhibitor; NSTEMI, non-ST elevation myocardial infarction; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; Proteinuria, >  = ( ±) by dipstick; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SCr, serum creatinine; STEMI, ST elevation myocardial infarction. Data are presented as the number, frequency, and mean ± SD.
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