Figure 1

Location map of the study area. (a) Map of the Pacific coast of British Columbia, Canada; Washington, and Oregon, USA showing the Cascadia subduction zone. Three red squares show the study sites discussed in this paper. White squares indicate onshore paleoseismic study sites, including coastal lakes and fjord inlets. Solid circles indicate offshore paleoseismic study sites facing southern Vancouver Island and northern Washington. Blue lines indicate submarine canyons and channels facing the southwestern coast of Vancouver Island and northern Washington. The map was generated using Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) version 673. Details of study areas: (b) Tofino, (c) Ucluelet, and (d) Port Alberni. Locations of gouge cores, pits, and an outcrop are indicated by gray, red, and orange circles, respectively.