Table 4 A synthetic environmental pollution index for the Italian provinces in the period 2014–2019.

From: Assessing the impact of long-term exposure to nine outdoor air pollutants on COVID-19 spatial spread and related mortality in 107 Italian provinces

Province

Index

Province

Index

1-Monza and Brianza

1.7639

55-Ascoli Piceno

0.8696

2-Brescia

1.6969

56-Rieti

0.8675

3-Milan

1.6681

57-Avellino

0.8572

4-Bergamo

1.6278

58-Caserta

0.8464

5-Lodi

1.6175

59-Bari

0.8408

6-Cremona

1.6097

60-Foggia

0.8315

7-Turin

1.5723

61-Livorno

0.8237

8-Pavia

1.5631

62-Pescara

0.8195

9-Mantua

1.5302

63-Perugia

0.8118

10-Alessandria

1.5261

64-Syracuse

0.8086

11-Piacenza

1.5229

65-Aosta

0.8058

12-Vicenza

1.512

66-Isernia

0.8012

13-Como

1.4881

67-Crotone

0.7981

14-Varese

1.4826

68-Teramo

0.7977

15-Genoa

1.4759

69-Pisa

0.7955

16-Venice

1.4727

70-Ancona

0.7936

17-Padua

1.451

71-Grosseto

0.7822

18-Modena

1.4293

72-Campobasso

0.7798

19-Verona

1.4267

73-Massa-Carrara

0.7749

20-Parma

1.4176

74-Benevento

0.7702

21-Treviso

1.3975

75-La Spezia

0.7599

22-Lecco

1.3836

76-Cosenza

0.7556

23-Reggio Emilia

1.3724

77-Siena

0.7352

24-Vercelli

1.30156

78-Cagliari

0.7232

25-Rovigo

1.2989

79-Latina

0.7228

26-Rimini

1.2815

80-Taranto

0.7076

27-Novara

1.2781

81-Savona

0.6869

28-Bologna

1.2741

82-Brindisi

0.6868

29-Ferrara

1.2291

83-Vibo Valentia

0.6826

30-Naples

1.2182

84-L’Aquila

0.6815

31-Frosinone

1.2172

85-Enna

0.6806

32-Trento

1.2082

86-Imperia

0.6743

33-Florence

1.2056

87-Salerno

0.6518

34-Terni

1.1402

88-Macerata

0.6335

35-Prato

1.0913

89-Barletta-Andria-Trani

0.6168

36-Forlì-Cesena

1.0686

90-Viterbo

0.6166

37-Pordenone

1.0526

91-Catania

0.6118

38-Asti

1.0452

92-Lecce

0.574

39-Udine

1.0426

93-Pistoia

0.5671

40-Ravenna

1.0379

94-Potenza

0.5539

41-Chieti

1.0297

95-Reggio Calabria

0.5467

42-Cuneo

1.024

96-Ragusa

0.5457

43-Sondrio

0.988

97-Catanzaro

0.5352

44-Palermo

0.9861

98-Oristano

0.5269

45-Gorizia

0.9729

99-Caltanissetta

0.5237

46-Rome

0.9632

101-Messina

0.5131

47-Biella

0.9541

102-Agrigento

0.5065

48-Lucca

0.9168

103-Fermo

0.4961

49-Verbano-Cusio-Ossola

0.91

104-Sassari

0.496

50-Arezzo

0.9034

105-South Sardinia

0.4654

51-Pesaro and Urbino

0.892

105-Trapani

0.3985

52-Trieste

0.8747

106-Matera

0.3825

53-Belluno

0.8729

107-Nuoro

0.3741

54-Bolzano

0.8729

  
  1. The provinces are ranked from the most polluted to the cleanest. The 10 most polluted provinces are bold, while the 10 cleanest provinces are italics.
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