Table 3 Multivariable analysis for overall survival in localized pancreatic cancer patients.

From: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy or upfront surgery in localized pancreatic cancer: a contemporary analysis

Parameter

Hazard ratio

95% CI limits

p value

Sex male vs. female (ref. male)

0.88

0.45

1.72

0.72

Neoadjuvant treatment (y/n) (Ref. yes)

0.77

0.37

1.52

0.47

Stage I vs. II (Ref. Stage I)

1.60

0.59

4.90

0.32

Borderline disease (y/n) (Ref. no)

1.06

0.48

2.32

0.88

Lymph nodes positive (y/n) (Ref. no)

1.26

0.63

2.50

0.50

CA19-9 > 37 U/mL (y/n) (Ref. yes)

0.81

0.41

1.58

0.54

Surgery (y/n) (Ref. no)

0.40

0.17

0.96

0.04

  1. Surgery was the only parameter statistically associated with survival on multivariable analysis. Level of significance p < 0.05.
  2. Ref reference.