Figure 9
From: Breast cancer detection by analyzing the volatile organic compound (VOC) signature in human urine

(A) First prototype: Main electronic components that integrate the first eNose prototype. The 4 gas sensors sniff the sample and send a VOC-dependent 0–5 V signal to the Arduinos analogic pins. Their combined signal is then reduced in dimensionality and undergoes sample classification. Depending on the prediction, output digital pins supply current to the corresponding LED, alerting of “possibly BC” “prediction no strong enough”(Blank) or “possibly control”(CTR). (B) Final prototype: Structure of the device and software application that we mentioned above. The 3D-printed structure contains all parts involved in the urine analysis. The software application is the interface to trigger the analysis and receive the results.