Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the cohort and subsequent prescription of medicine among the study groups.

From: Testosterone deficiency and metabolic disturbances in men who fathered a child by use of donated spermatozoa

 

Fatherhood with donated spermatozoa

N = 390

Fatherhood with own spermatozoa

ICSI

N = 7698

Natural conception

N = 402,031

Age: mean (SD)

36.57 (5.23)

35.8 (5.4)

32.02 (6.33)

Educational level

≤ 10 years

26/6.7%

558/ 7.2%

45,822/11.4%

11–14 years

202/51.8%

3719/48.3%

203,124/50.5%

≥ 15 years

160/41.0%

3372/ 48.3%

14,664/36.4%

Missing data

2/0.5%

49/0.8%

6438/1.6%

History of cancer before child conception

36/9.2%

270/3.5%

2338/0.6%

DM

After conceptiona

13/3.3%

178/2.3%

5707/1.4%

Before conception

8/2.05%

89/1.2%

2124/0.5%

AHT

After conceptiona

37/9.5%

642/8.3%

17,249/4.3%

Before conception

22/5.6%

272/3.5%

5125/1.3%

DLE

After conceptiona

30/7.7%

356/4.6%

10,063/2.5%

Before conception

14/3.6%

155/2%

2875/0.7%

MetS

After conceptiona

8/2.05%

67/0.9%

1128/0.3%

Before conception

2/0.5%

19/0.2%

281/0.07%

TRT

After conceptiona

21/309/6.8%

93/7420/1.25%

1167/407,847/0.28%

  1. DM (medicines used for the treatment of) diabetes mellitus, AHT antihypertensive treatment, DLE (medications used for treatment of) dyslipidaemia, MetS metabolic syndrome, TRT testosterone replacement therapy.
  2. aIncludes only incident cases.