Table 5 Energy estimates for different hardware components.

From: A processing-in-pixel-in-memory paradigm for resource-constrained TinyML applications

Model type

Sensing (pJ) (\(e_{pix}\))

ADC (pJ) (\(e_{adc}\))

SoC comm. (pJ) (\(e_{com}\))

MAdds (pJ) (\(e_{mac}\))

Sensor output pixel (\(N_{pix}\))

P2M (ours)

148

41.9

900

1.568

\(112\times 112\times 8\)

Baseline (C)

312

86.14

\(560\times 560\times 3\)

Baseline (NC)

  1. The energy values are measured for designs in 22 nm CMOS technology. Note, the sensing energy includes the analog convolution energy for P2M as analog convolution is performed as a part of the sensing operation. For the \(e_{mac}\), we convert the corresponding value in 45 nm to that of 22 nm by following standard scaling strategy47.
Back to article page