Figure 2
From: Human ankle joint movements during walking are probably not determined by talar morphology
(A) Frontal view and (B) top view on ankle joint axes observed for an exemplary walking trial of Participant 3. Bones of the right lower limb are displayed in reference (standing position). Joint axes were estimated by finite helical axes calculated for two time points being 10% stance phase apart. Axes were only displayed when rotation about them was greater than 2 degrees (dashed line in C). Color code of the axes matches the point in time of the stance they represent (see color bar in C). Thicker lines correspond to axes determined for 20% (red) and 90% (blue) stance phase. (C) Rotation about finite helical axis shown for the exemplified trial (black line), the mean of all trials of Participant 3 (green line) and 95% confidence interval of the mean (green shaded area). Red area indicates the period of the stance phase considered as dorsiflexion movement, blue area as plantarflexion movement.
