Table 3 Safety signal detection among the unknown AEs of infliximab reported in the KAERS between 2009 and 2018.

From: Detecting early safety signals of infliximab using machine learning algorithms in the Korea adverse event reporting system

WHO-ART preferred term

Data mining methods

GBM

RF

aROR

IC

Signal

Probability

Signal

Probability

Signal

ROR025a

Signal

IC05b

Acne

Y

0.92

Y

0.74

N

0.64

N

− 0.33

Alopecia

Y

0.94

Y

0.77

N

0.08

N

− 2.66

Asthenia

Y

1

Y

0.95

N

0.36

N

− 1.34

Bilirubinaemia

Y

0.93

Y

0.71

N

0.02

N

− 4.37

Cytomegalovirus colitis

Y

0.87

Y

0.75

N

0.2

N

− 1.07

Death

Y

0.88

Y

0.76

N

0.01

N

− 2.89

Drug reaction paradoxical

Y

0.88

Y

0.8

N

< 0.01

N

− 0.17

Epistaxis

Y

0.93

Y

0.81

N

0.78

N

− 0.63

Extravasation

Y

0.86

Y

0.73

N

0.03

N

− 2.11

Gastroenteritis

Y

0.97

Y

0.76

N

< 0.01

N

− 0.07

Haematuria

Y

0.99

Y

0.82

N

0.04

N

− 1.83

Hepatocellular damage

Y

0.88

Y

0.67

N

0.06

N

− 3.27

Hypoaesthesia

Y

0.9

Y

0.7

N

0.14

N

− 1.39

Liver fatty

Y

0.97

Y

0.79

N

< 0.01

N

− 0.17

Melaena

Y

0.95

Y

0.89

Y

2.79

Y

0.62

Mouth dry

Y

0.78

Y

0.65

N

0.26

N

− 1.06

Oedema genital

Y

0.9

Y

0.63

N

< 0.01

N

− 1.48

Oedema periorbital

Y

0.88

Y

0.64

N

0.11

N

− 1.99

Paraesthesia

Y

0.82

Y

0.83

N

0.83

N

− 0.16

Psoriasis

Y

0.87

Y

0.71

N

< 0.01

Y

0.19

Pulmonary infiltration

Y

0.97

Y

0.82

N

0.32

N

− 0.3

Stomatitis ulcerative

Y

0.89

Y

0.78

N

0.08

N

− 1.82

Stridor

Y

0.82

Y

0.65

N

< 0.01

N

− 1.48

Stupor

Y

0.84

Y

0.64

N

0.14

N

− 3.17

Temperature changed sensation

Y

1

Y

0.96

Y

4.23

N

− 0.08

Tremor

Y

0.85

Y

0.71

N

0.2

N

− 0.8

Uveitis

Y

0.66

Y

0.7

N

< 0.01

Y

0.08

  1. KAERS Korea Adverse Event Reporting System, WHO-ART world health organization−adverse reaction terminology, RF random forest, GBM gradient boosting machine, aROR adjusted reporting odds ratio, IC information component.
  2. aLower bound of the 95% confidence interval of adjusted ROR.
  3. bLower bound of the 90% confidence interval of IC.