Figure 1
From: Interaction with a reactive partner improves learning in contrast to passive guidance

Experiment description. (A) Subjects use the Hi5 robotic interface to track a randomly moving target with their wrist flexion/extension. This occurs either without interaction (S) or while connected to: trajectory guidance (TG), their human partner (HP), or a reactive robot partner with less deviation (RPg) or more deviation (RPb) than the subjects’ initial error. (B) Experimental protocol with one solo performance test trial followed by 20 learning trials connected to one of the partners at the selected stiffness level. Performance after training was tested immediately after learning (T1), one day (T2) and one week (T3) later.