Figure 4 | Scientific Reports

Figure 4

From: Excreted secreted products from the parasitic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae manipulate the Drosophila melanogaster immune response

Figure 4

Effect of Steinernema carpocapsae excreted/secreted products (ESPs) on the Drosophila melanogaster phenoloxidase response. Adult flies of the (a) Oregon-R and (b) w1118 lines were injected during separate trials with 3 ng of ESPs from S. carpocapsae nematodes or PBS as a negative control. One hour post injection, phenoloxidase activity was assessed through the reduction of L-DOPA into dopachrome (*P < 0.01; One-way ANOVA). Mutant flies for (c) PPO1, (d) PPO2 and (e) PPO3 genes were injected with nematode ESPs and individuals that received PBS served as a control group for each fly mutant line. The survival percentage of the PPO mutant lines was compared at 6 h after injection against the background line w1118. Significant differences between survival curves were calculated using Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) Test (*P < 0.01; ns: non-significant differences.

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