Table 4 Average difference in ODI values before/after the each interventions.
From: New treatment strategy for chronic low back pain with alpha wave neurofeedback
Pre | Post | Amount of change | p value | Effect size (d) | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M (SD) | M (SD) | |||||
Early-chronic | ||||||
Controls | 38.39(7.63) | 39.28(6.80) | 0.39 | 0.47 | 0.19 | |
CBTs | 38.8 (9.66) | 32.7 (12.95) | − 6.11 | 0.04* | 0.54 | − 7.10 to − 5.11 |
PTs | 34.8 (10.70) | 29.0 (12.14) | − 5.89 | 0.00** | 0.52 | − 7.12 to − 4.65 |
NFTs | 33.3 (9.03) | 33.6 (9.57) | 0.28 | 0.82 | 0.03 | |
CBT-NFTs | 39.8 (8.44) | 28.0 (11.11) | − 11.83 | 0.00** | 1.21 | − 13.81 to − 9.84 |
PT-NFTs | 34.4 (10.20) | 27.1 (8.75) | − 7.27 | 0.00** | 0.80 | − 8.22 to − 6.31 |
Late-chronic | ||||||
Controls | 40.6 (8.78) | 42.4 (7.07) | 1.83 | 0.61 | 0.23 | |
CBTs | 37.8 (9.82) | 34.1 (10.16) | − 3.78 | 0.04** | 0.33 | − 4.54 to − 3.01 |
PTs | 36.9 (9.70) | 33.0 (7.98) | − 3.94 | 0.02** | 0.44 | − 4.75 to − 3.12 |
NFTs | 38.2 (7.09) | 36.1 (7.86) | − 2.17 | 0.27 | 0.28 | |
CBT-NFTs | 41.9 (8.25) | 38.7 (7.18) | − 3.22 | 0.02* | 0.68 | − 4.21 to − 2.22 |
PT-NFTs | 35.1 (9.22) | 29.8 (7.61) | − 5.22 | 0.00** | 0.62 | − 6.81 to − 3.11 |
