Figure 2
From: Quantifying collective identity online from self-defining hashtags

Visualization of collective identity label-sharing graph for over 85,000 users. Vertices represent local (bottom-level) clusters in a Louvain-derived cluster hierarchy; color represents global (top-level) cluster. (a) Total visualization, with the most collectively coherent identities labeled with diamond markers and annotated, as well as an illustrative labeling of the largest local clusters within the global sports cluster (i) in (b). (b) Individual visualizations of the top 10 largest global clusters with user coverage percentages. † Indicates high collective coherence with the corresponding local cluster marked with a diamond in (a). We observe marked difference in the coherence of local clusters with respect to their global status. The “tech professional” global cluster (iv) semantically matches and is dominated by its lone local counterpart in (a); a coherent identity from local to global levels of the hierarchy. Other global clusters, such as (i–iii), are diffuse in comparison, a difference we measure using information-theoretic methods.