Table 1 Comparison of basic characteristics of adolescents with different HTW phenotypes.

Age (year)

14.8 ± 1.5

14.8 ± 1.6

14.7 ± 1.4

14.6 ± 1.6

Gender

Boys N (%)

661 (44.7)

45 (3.0)

149 (10.1)

48 (3.2)

Girls N (%)

321 (21.7)

37 (2.5)

179 (12.1)

38 (2.6)

Height (cm)

167.3 ± 8.5

166.1 ± 9.1

169.0 ± 7.8^ab

169.2 ± 8.2^ab

Height-Z score

− 0.15 ± 0.98

− 0.21 ± 0.94

0.42 ± 0.91^ab

0.34 ± 0.95^abc

Weight (kg)

52.7 ± 7.8

52.4 ± 6.5

70.6 ± 12.5^ab

75.0 ± 12.7^abc

Weight-Z score

− 0.46 ± 0.57

− 0.45 ± 0.49

1.11 ± 0.87^ab

1.46 ± 0.81^abc

BMI (kg/m²)

18.8 ± 1.9

19.0 ± 1.93

24.6 ± 3.1^ab

26.1 ± 3.4^abc

BMI-Z score

− 0.47 ± 0.53

− 0.39 ± 0.61

1.10 ± 0.88^ab

1.54 ± 0.89^abc

WC (cm)

68.9 ± 4.4

70.2 ± 3.8^a

85.7 ± 8.5^ab

89.4 ± 9.5^abc

WC-Z score

− 0.51 ± 0.45

− 0.36 ± 0.45^a

1.18 ± 0.85^ab

1.62 ± 0.89^abc

WHtR

0.41 ± 0.03

0.42 ± 0.03^a

0.51 ± 0.04^ab

0.53 ± 0.05^abc

SBP (mm Hg)

109.7 ± 10.4

108.8 ± 11.2

116.2 ± 10.3^ab

121.2 ± 11.6^abc

SBP-Z score

− 0.21 ± 0.91

− 0.28 ± 0.96

0.46 ± 0.96^ab

0.87 ± 1.01^abc

DBP (mm Hg)

66.6 ± 7.7

67.3 ± 6.8

70.0 ± 7.7^ab

73.9 ± 8.8^abc

DBP-Z score

− 0.13 ± 0.96

− 0.11 ± 0.87

0.23 ± 0.97^ab

0.75 ± 1.12^abc

FPG (mmol/L)

4.75 ± 0.68

5.16 ± 1.11^a

4.72 ± 0.55^b

4.83 ± 0.68^b

TG (mmol/L)*

0.83 (0.67,1.02)

1.67 (1.54,1.91)^a

0.95 (0.76,1.20)^ab

1.94 (1.59,2.25)^abc

TC (mmol/L)

3.88 ± 0.90

4.65 ± 1.27^a

3.93 ± 0.82^b

4.61 ± 1.28^ac

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.48 ± 0.38

1.64 ± 0.61^a

1.35 ± 0.32^ab

1.28 ± 0.37^ab

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.08 ± 0.70

2.45 ± 0.94^a

2.21 ± 0.72^ab

2.66 ± 1.24^ac