Table 2 VSIG1 pattern of expression is statistically significant correlated to regional lymph node status, lymph node ratio and Dukes-MAC-like stage, but not to tumor depth of invasion. At the same time, β-catenin and E-cadherin statuses are significantly different between the three VSIG1 patterns. Significant values are in bold.

Gender

Male

16/80%

39/72.22%

18/90%

0.254

Female

4/20%

15/27.78%

2/10%

Age

≤ 60

6/30%

8/14.81%

5/25%

0.294

> 60

14/70%

46/85.19%

15/75%

Lauren’s histologic subtype

Intestinal type

 G2 Adeno-carcinoma

11/55%

27/50%

8/40%

0.356

 G3 Adeno-carcinoma

4/20%

17/31.48%

4/20%

Diffuse/poorly cohesive subtype

5/25%

10/18.52%

8/40%

pT stage

Early pT (pT1–2)

5/25%

9/16.66%

1/5%

0.219

Advanced pT (pT3–4)

15/75%

45/83.34%

19/95%

pN stage

N0

8/40%

15/27.78%

1/5%

0.033

N1+

12/60%

39/72.22%

19/95%

pM stage

Mx

19/95%

42/77.78%

16/80%

0.224

M1

1/5%

12/22.22%

4/20%

Resection margins

R0

17/85%

44/81.48%

14/70%

0.444

R1

3/15%

10/18.52%

6/30%

Lymphovascular invasion

LV0

6/30%

12/22.22%

2/10%

0.292

LV1

14/70%

42/77.78%

18/90%

Perineural invasion

n0

10/50%

21/38.88%

5/25%

0.264

n1

10/50%

33/61.12%

15/75%

Tumor budding in front of invasion

b1

5/25%

10/18.52%

2/10%

0.462

b2

4/20%

19/35.18%

5/25%

b3

11/55%

25/46.3%

13/65%

Dukes-MAC-like stage

Early (A–B–C1)

8/40%

10/18.52%

1/5%

0.020

Advanced (C2–D)

12/60%

44/81.48%

19/95%

Lymph node ratio

0.00

9/45%

15/27.78%

1/5%

0.0022

0.01–0.25

6/30%

16/29.62%

2/10%

≥ 0.26

5/25%

23/42.6%

17/85%

EMT markers

β-catenin expression

 Membrane

19/95%

48/88.9%

11/55%

0.0007

 Nucleus

1/5%

6/11.1%

9/45%

E-cadherin expression

 Membrane

18/90%

47/87%

11/55%

0.004

 Negative

2/10%

7/13%

9/45%