Table 2 Summary of meta-analysis results and subgroups analysis.
Groups | No of studies | Prevalence rate | Heterogeneity | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ES (95%CI) | Model | Chi square | P value | I square (%) | ||
Date of publication | ||||||
1962–2010 | 14 | 21.6% (15.8–27.4) | Random | 553.1 | 0.001 | 97.6% |
2011–2015 | 12 | 36.2% (24.5–47.8) | Random | 875.9 | 0.001 | 98.7% |
2016–2021 | 31 | 27.1% (20.7–33.4) | Random | 15,203.5 | 0.001 | 99.8% |
Study risk score | ||||||
Low risk | 43 | 29.8% (26.2–33.5) | Random | 5504.0 | 0.001 | 99.2% |
Moderate | 13 | 19.3% (13.9–24.7) | Random | 705.8 | 0.001 | 98.3% |
High risk | 1 | 33.9% (33.6–34.1) | Random | – | – | – |
Continents | ||||||
Asia | 26 | 30.6% (23.2–38.0) | Random | 9508.0 | 0.001 | 99.7% |
Europe | 17 | 25.6% (18.7–32.4) | Random | 1803.9 | 0.001 | 99.1% |
America | 9 | 19.5% (15.9–23.1) | Random | 96.1 | 0.001 | 91.6% |
Africa | 2 | 46.1% (40.8–51.3) | Random | – | – | – |
Overall | 57 | 27.6% (23.9–31.3) | Random | 18,613.03 | 0.001 | 99.69% |
