Table 1 Contextual data on the double-beveled bone tools from Sibudu.

From: Technological and functional analysis of 80–60 ka bone wedges from Sibudu (KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa)

 

Excavation date

Square

Layer

Layer code

Cultural attribution

OSL (ka)

References

Figures 2(a), 4(a)

 

B5d

Grey Rocky 2, hearth B

GR2

HP

61.7 ± 2.0

(45, Fig. 6)

Figures 2(b), 4(b)

19/11/2009

C4d

Pinkish Grey Sand 2

PGS2

HP

64.7 ± 2.3

(47, Fig. 4.6)

Figures 2(c), 4(c), 5(h)

13/11/2009

B4a

Pinkish Grey Sand

PGS3

HP

64.7 ± 2.3

(47, Fig. 4.8)

Figures 2(d), 3(d)

11/11/2004

B5b

Reddish Grey Sand

RGS

SB

70.5 ± 2.4

 

Figures 2(e), 3(h), 4(e)

11/3/2007

C5d

Reddish Grey Sand

RGS

SB

70.5 ± 2.4

 

Figures 2(f), 4(f)

11/3/2007

C5d

Reddish Grey Sand

RGS

SB

70.5 ± 2.4

 

Figure 2(g)

16/11/2004

B6a

Reddish Grey Sand 2

RGS2

SB

  

Figures 2(h), 3(a)

21/2/2010

B4a

Light Brownish Grey

LBG

PSB

72.5 ± 2.5

 

Figures 2(i), 4(i)

21/2/2010

B4b

Light Brownish Grey

LBG

PSB

72.5 ± 2.5

(47, Fig. 4.9)

Figures 2(j), 3(e)

17/2/2010

B4d

Light Brownish Grey, under hearth

LBG

PSB

72.5 ± 2.5

 

Figure 2(k)

28/2/2010

B4b

Light Brownish Grey 3, hearth 1

LBG3

PSB

  

Figures 2(l), 4(l)

28/2/2010

C4d

Light Brownish Grey 3

LBG3

PSB

  

Figure 2(m)

31/8/2005

B5a

Brown Sand, Brown Sand 2, hearth 1

BS/BS2

PSB

77.2 ± 2.7

 

Figure 2(n)

4/10/2010

B4d

Brown Sand 4

BS4

PSB

  

Figure 2(o)

5/10/2010

B4d

Brown Sand 5

BS5

PSB

  

Figures 2(p), 3(g), 4(p)

20/10/2010

B4d

Brown Sand 6

BS6

PSB

  

Figure 2(q)

5/3/2011

C5b

Brown Sand 7

BS7

PSB

  

Figure 2(r)

27/2/2011

C5d

Brown Sand 7

BS7

PSB

  

Figures 2(s), 3(i), 5(g)

14/3/2011

C4c

Brown Sand 9

BS9

PSB

  

Figures 2(t), 3(b)

14/3/2011

C4c

Brown Sand 9

BS9

PSB

  

Figures 2(u), 3(f), 4(u)

25/3/2011

C5d

Brown Sand 12

BS12

PSB

  

Figures 2(v), 3(c)

25/3/2011

C5d

Brown Sand 12

BS12

PSB

  

Figures 2(w), 5(i)

27/3/2011

B4a

Brown Sand 14

BS14

PSB

  
  1. Excavation date, stratigraphic provenance, and cultural attribution of the bone tools reported in the present study. OSL ages (in ka) were reported in49,55. Four tools were described in previous publications but were not submitted to texture analysis.