Figure 2

Anion pump activities of MrHR, SyHR and their mutants. The light-induced pH changes of E. coli suspensions were measured in the presence of 10 μM CCCP. The results for MrHR and the mutants are shown in the upper eight panels, and those for SyHR are shown in the lower panels. Each panel contains two time traces measured in the presence of 0.2 M NaCl (black line) and 0.2 M Na2SO4 (red line). The initial pH values were 6.0–6.2. The vertical lines indicate the timing of illumination, whose intensity at 530 nm was set to 27.8 mW/cm2.