Table 3 Comparison of Oxidative Stress Parameters between the healthy control patients and the Euthymic bipolar patients with ≤ 3 and ≥ 10 years of the disease.

From: Neuroinflammation and neuroprogression produced by oxidative stress in euthymic bipolar patients with different onset disease times

 

Healthy control patients n = 25

Euthymic patients BD ≤ 3 yearsn = 25

Euthymic patients BD ≥ 10 years n = 25

p – Value

Oxidative stress parameters

SOD (units/mg protein) means (± SD)

5.35 (± 0.26)

5.32 (± 0.39)

5.50 (± 0.42)

0.17a

GSH-Px (units/mg protein) means (± SD)

5.80 (± 0.99)

5.65 (± 0.95)

6.18 (± 1.48)

0.25a

CAT (units/mg protein) means (± SD)

3.47 (± 0.77)

8.10 (± 4.18)

9.41 (± 4.95)

**0.001b

TBA-RS (nmol MDA/mg protein ) means (± SD)

1.62 (± 0.28)

3.18 (± 1.17)

3.01 (± 1.03)

**0.001a

  1. Means ± standard deviation (SD). The normality of each variable was analyzed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov normality test. aTo compare parametric variables between the three independent groups, two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's test was used. bTo compare nonparametric variables between the three independent samples, the Kruskal–Wallis test was used. Dunn's post hoc test was performed for pairwise comparisons if the main effects were significant. Statistical significance was set at ** p < 0.001 for all tests.
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