Table 1 Patient characteristics according to the presence of pre-SBRT sarcopenia.

From: Significant muscle loss after stereotactic body radiotherapy predicts worse survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Variable

No. (%)

P-value

Overall

N = 137

Sarcopenia

N = 67

Non-sarcopenia

N = 70

Age, year

Mean (SD)*

63.8 (12.7)

65.1 (11.7)

62.6 (13.5)

0.24

 ≤ 60

52 (38.0)

23 (34.3)

29 (41.4)

0.39

 > 60

85 (62.0)

44 (65.7)

41 (58.6)

 

Sex

   

 < 0.001

Male

106 (77.8)

63 (94.0)

43 (61.4)

 

Female

31 (22.2)

4 (6.0)

27 (38.6)

 

Liver disease

   

0.80

HBV

71 (51.8)

37 (55.2)

34 (48.6)

 

HCV

36 (26.3)

16 (23.9)

20 (28.6)

 

HBV and HCV

8 (5.8)

3 (4.5)

5 (7.1)

 

Non-virus

22 (16.1)

11 (16.4)

11 (15.7)

 

ECOG

   

0.27

0–1

119 (86.9)

56 (83.6)

63 (90.0)

 

2

18 (13.1)

11 (16.4)

7 (10.0)

 

AFP, ng/ml

   

0.97

 ≤ 200

79 (57.7)

40 (59.7)

39 (55.7)

 

 > 200

51 (37.2)

26 (38.8)

25 (35.7)

 

missing

7 (5.1)

1 (1.5)

6 (8.6)

 

ALBI score

   

0.51

Mean (SD)*

− 2.42 (0.57)

− 2.39 (0.55)

− 2.45 (0.60)

 

Child–Pugh class

   

0.85

A

110 (80.3)

55 (82.1)

55 (78.6)

 

B

23 (16.8)

10 (14.9)

13 (18.6)

 

C

4 (2.9)

2 (3.0)

2 (2.9)

 

Albumin

   

0.42

Mean (SD)*

3.70 (0.56)

3.66 (0.56)

3.74 (0.56)

 

NLR

   

0.23

 ≤ 2.5

57 (41.6)

25 (37.3)

32 (45.7)

 

 > 2.5

62 (45.3)

34 (50.7)

28 (40.0)

 

Missing

18 (13.1)

8 (11.9)

10 (14.3)

 

Prior treatment

   

0.12

Yes

85 (62)

46 (68.7)

39 (55.7)

 

No

52 (38)

21 (31.3)

31 (44.3)

 

No. of tumor

   

0.69

Multiple

78 (56.9)

37 (55.2)

41 (58.6)

 

Single

59 (43.1)

30 (44.8)

29 (41.4)

 

Tumor size, cm

   

0.05

 ≤ 5

67 (48.9)

27 (40.3)

40 (57.1)

 

 > 5

70 (51.1)

40 (59.7)

30 (42.9)

 

Macrovascular invasion

   

 > 0.99

Yes

47 (34.3)

23 (34.3)

24 (34.3)

 

No

90 (65.7)

44 (65.7)

46 (65.7)

 

Extrahepatic metastasis

   

0.93

Yes

27 (19.7)

13 (19.4)

14 (20.0)

 

No

110 (80.3)

54 (80.6)

56 (80.0)

 

BMI

   

 < 0.001

Mean (SD)*

24.7 (4.1)

23.2 (3.2)

26.1 (4.5)

 

SMI

   

 < 0.001

Mean (SD)*

44.9 (8.8)

40.8 (5.5)

48.8 (9.5)

 

BED, Gy

   

0.30

Mean (SD)*

87.4 (21.9)

85.4 (23.5)

89.4 (20.1)

 
  1. SBRT: stereotactic body radiotherapy; HBV: hepatitis B virus; HCV = hepatitis C virus; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; AFP: alpha fetal protein; ALBI = albumin-bilirubin; NLR = neutrophil lymphocyte ratio; BMI: body mass index; SMI: skeletal muscle index; BED: biological effective dose; SD: standard deviation. *t-test.
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