Table 1 Parts list of the sensor system with type of data transmission, function, range of the individual components, weight and approximate costs.
From: Observing volcanoes with drones: studies of volcanic plume chemistry with ultralight sensor systems
Module | Communication | Function | Ranges | Price | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ESP32 NodeMCU (Espressif) | – | Interface for all sensors | – | ~ 15€ | ~ 15 g |
RFD868x EU (RFDesign) | UART 1 | Communication with ground station | Up to 40 km | ~ 323€ | ~ 25 g |
MTK3339 GPS Module (Adafruit) | UART 2 | Gets precise GPS information | – | 47€ | ~ 9 g |
BME280 (JOY-it) | I2C | Measures: temperature, humidity, pressure, air quality | Temp: − 40 to 85 °C Humidity: 0–100% Pressure: 0.3–1.1 kPa | 17€ | ~ 3 g |
S-300 (ELT Sensors) | I2C | Measures CO2 concentration (NDIR) | 0–10,000 ppm | 75€ | ~ 20 g |
SO2 Sensor (Alphasense SO2-B4) with corresponding ISB | Analog output | Measures SO2 concentration (electrochemically) | 0–15 ppm | 85€ | ~ 50 g |
Micro pump (First Sensor, T5-1HE-03-1EEB) | PWM | Controllable via PWM signal | Flow rate: 300–600 mL/min | 140€ | ~ 14 g |
FLW-122 (B + B Sensors) | Analog output | Measures the flowrate of the micro pump | Flow rate: 0–50 m/s | 155€ | ~ 10 g |
Syringe filter | Used here just as inlet filter (in future applications a potential additional sampling device | 2€ | ~ 5 g |
