Table 2 Summary results of association for maternal smoking and breastfeeding on amblyopia risk in the MR analysis.

From: Genetic causal inference between amblyopia and perinatal factors

Exposure

Method

Number of SNP

Beta

SE

p value

Maternal smoking

IVW (random effect)

39

āˆ’ā€‰0.039

0.272

0.886

IVW (fixed effect)

39

āˆ’ā€‰0.039

0.272

0.885

Simple median

39

āˆ’ā€‰0.248

0.383

0.517

Weighted median

39

āˆ’ā€‰0.253

0.372

0.496

Breast feeding

IVW (random effect)

11

āˆ’ā€‰0.037

0.321

0.907

IVW (fixed effect)

11

āˆ’ā€‰0.037

0.513

0.941

Simple median

11

0.056

0.513

0.937

Weighted median

11

0.054

0.692

0.937

  1. SNP single nucleotide polymorphism, MR Mendelian randomization, IVW inverse-variance weighted, SE standard error.
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