Table 2 Intention to treat analysis of maternal descriptive, pregnancy and delivery outcomes by Intervention and BMI Group.

From: Influence of prenatal exercise on the relationship between maternal overweight and obesity and select delivery outcomes

Characteristics

NW

OWOB

Exercise (n = 72)

Control (n = 26)

p value

Exercise (n = 59)

Control (n = 35)

p value

Demographics

Age (year)

30.8 (4.1)

30.1 (3.5)

0.85

30.2 (3.7)

28.8 (4.5) †

0.38

Parity

2.0 (1.0, 3.0)

1.5 (1.0, 2.0)

0.30

2.5 (1.0, 4.0)

2.0 (1.0, 3.0)

0.77

NH black (%)

9.2

11.5

0.66

16.1

36.4

0.01**

Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg m−2)

22.1 (1.7)

22.1 (1.4)

1.00

28.9 (3.6) ††

30.4 (4.4) ‡

0.09

Aerobic capacity (VO2peak)

25.2 (4.5)

23.6 (4.0)

0.37

21.3 (4.1) ††

20.0 (3.4) ††, ¥

0.56

Exercise level (MET∙min∙week−1)

693.8 (249.0)

359.4 (157.9)

 < 0.001

589.7 (309.1) §§, ¥¥

236.1 (169.0) ††

 < 0.001

Pregnancy outcomes

Gestational weight gain (lbs.)

31.9 (8.63

31.8 (11.0)

1.00

33.2 (15.0)

28.8 (13.5)

0.30

GDM (%)

2.8

8.0

0.59

5.1

2.9

0.33

Delivery outcomes

Gestational age (weeks)

39.4 (34.0, 41.9)

35.5 (34.0, 41.3)

0.86

38.5 (24.0, 41.4) §

39.2 (32.9, 41.3)

0.44

Preterm (%)

5.6

15.4

0.43

15.3

8.6

1.00

Cesarean birth (%)

11.1

23.1

0.21

27.1§

14.3

0.53

Birth weight (kg)

3.4 (0.4)

3.3 (0.5)

0.37

3.3 (0.7)

3.4 (0.7)

0.99

Macrosomic (%)

11.1

7.7

0.61

16.9

20

0.89

  1. Means (SD), medians (range) and proportions are reported and Student’s t-test, Wilcoxon Rank Sum tests and Fisher’s Exact tests were performed, respectively. NH non-Hispanic. Within BMI class comparison *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, p < 0.001; §§p = 0.06 relative to NW Exercise group; §p < 0.05 relative to NW Exercise group; †p = 0.01 relative to NW Exercise group; ††p < 0.001 relative to NW Exercise group. ‡p < 0.001 within BMI and between NW BMI groups; ¥p < 0.01 relative to NW Control group; ¥¥p < 0.001 relative to NW Control group.
  2. Significant values are in [bold].
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