Table 1 Parameter estimates for four parameter log-logistic regressions used to model spray drift and resulting soybean response from ground and aerial applications of florpyrauxifen-benzyl.

From: Herbicide spray drift from ground and aerial applications: Implications for potential pollinator foraging sources

 

Application

b (SE)

c (SE)

d (SE)

e (SE)

Spray drift

Mylar card spray drift deposition

Aerial

10.63 (26.95)

1.01 (0.50)

6.51 (0.48)

14.49 (3.55)

Ground

1.53 (0.63)

0.05 (0.46)

198.67 (-)

0.11 (-)

Water sensitive card coverage

Aerial

2.72 (2.36)

0.31 (0.09)

1.17 (0.14)

7.91 (2.38)

Ground

1.44 (-)

0.01 (0.05)

15.87 (-)

0.31 (-)

Water sensitive card # of deposits

Aerial

1.82 (1.13)

3.65 (5.34)

46.16 (6.49)

7.82 (2.14)

Ground

1.40 (0.47)

-0.20 (3.11)

185.07 (106.98)

1.09 (0.88)

Soybeana

Visual injury

Aerial

2.89 (1.03)

0.00

100.00

86.20 (14.72)

Ground

1.76 (0.19)

0.00

100.00

30.49 (1.49)

Canopy coverage reduction

Aerial

2.84 (1.15)

0.00

100.00

93.18 (20.95)

Ground

2.76 (0.48)

0.00

100.00

30.07 (1.74)

Reproductive structures reduction

Aerial

0.37 (0.11)

0.00

100.00

70,935.38 (-)

Ground

4.73 (1.42)

0.00

100.00

24.02 (1.50)

  1. aParameters “c” and “d” were fixed at 0 and 100, respectively, for soybean measurements as all data were bound between 0 and 100%.