Figure 5

Human MM-associated bone marrow myeloid cells impair T cells proliferation. (A) Myeloid cells were isolated from the bone marrow of MM patients and co-cultured with CTV-stained anti-CD3/CD28 beads-activated CD4⁺ T cells from healthy blood donors at the indicated ratios. Percentages of proliferating CD4⁺ T cells evaluated in flow cytometry; bars present means, n = 6–20. P-value was calculated with mixed-effect analysis with Dunnett’s post-hoc test vs 0:1 myeloid cells to T cells ratio. (B) MM bone marrow-derived myeloid cells inhibit T cells proliferation at lower ratios than healthy bone marrow-derived myeloid cells. Myeloid cells derived from the bone marrow of healthy individuals (n = 10) and MM patients (n = 20) were co-cultured with CTV-stained anti-CD3/CD28 beads-activated CD4⁺ T cells from healthy blood donors at indicated ratios. Violin plots, P-value was calculated with unpaired two-tailed t-test.