Figure 6

Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of proinflammatory cytokines on the intestinal mucosa of neonatal pigs. (A) The mRNA levels of interleukin 1 alpha (IL1-α). (B) The mRNA levels of interleukin 1 beta (IL1-β). (C) The mRNA levels of interleukin 6 (IL6). (D) The mRNA levels of interleukin 8 (IL8). (E) The mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). The mRNA levels were determined using qPCR. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and beta-actin were used as an internal control to normalize changes in specific gene expressions. The results were presented as fold changes relative to the control animals. Different lower-case letters indicate significant differences between each group and each day post inoculation (DPI) (p < 0.05).