Figure 1 | Scientific Reports

Figure 1

From: Intraoperative abobotulinumtoxinA alleviates pain after surgery and improves general wellness in a translational animal model

Figure 1

Effects of aboBoNT-A, saline, and liposomal bupivacaine on postsurgical pain-related behavioral responses in pigs. Mechanical sensitivity/withdrawal force (WF; g, A), DBS (B) and approaching time (sec; C) in animals that received a full-skin and muscle incision and retraction surgery (Day 0), followed by intraoperative treatment with either aboBoNT-A (100 U, 200 U, or 400 U), saline, or liposomal bupivacaine (n = 6/group). The green dotted line in panel (A) at 26 g represents the mechanical sensitivity threshold between normal mechanical sensitivity and mechanical hypersensitivity/allodynia. Each point represents the observed mean (± SEM). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, #p < 0.001 vs saline-injected animals. AboBoNT-A, abobotulinumtoxinA; DBS, distress behavior score; U, unit; WF, withdrawal force.

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