Table 2 Summary table of key outcomes from each study.
Study | Anatomical subsite of HNSCC | Total sample size | Sample preservation method | Clinical outcome measures (survival) | Summary of key outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kobayashi et al.32 | Mixed | 284 | Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded | Overall Disease/progression-free | – Significantly worse OS, LFFS and DMFS with adverse p53 functional status – Significantly higher local recurrence with adverse p53 with resection margins > 6 mm |
Scheel et al.22 | Larynx | 58 | Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded | Overall Disease-specific | – No significant difference in response to chemotherapy according to TP53 mutation status – Significantly worse DSS in TP53 high-risk mutation group - No significant difference in time to indication for surgery according to TP53 status |
Lapke et al.33 | Oral | 333 | Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded | Overall Disease/progression-free Disease-specific | – Significantly worse OS and DSS with TP53 mutant vs WT – No difference in DFS between groups – TP53 DBD missense mutations significantly associated with worse OS, DSS and DFS |
Dubot et al.34 | Mixed | 122 | Snap frozen in liquid nitrogen | Overall | – Significantly worse OS in TP53 mutant vs WT |
Caponio et al.35 | Mixed | 415 | Various—bioinformatics study on pre-existing datasets | Overall Disease/progression-free | – Significantly worse OS in TP53 mut vs WT (irrespective of mutation) – Significantly worse OS with mutations in B-strand/bridge of p53 secondary structure – Homozygous mutations in TP53 significantly associated with poorer OS and DFS than heterozygous – Transition in p53 interactome in HNSCC with TP53 mutations |
Mundi et al.36 | Oral | 123 | Immediate DNA extraction following surgical resection; storage on ice for transport | Overall Disease/progression-free | – Significantly worse OS in TP53 mutant group |
Cho et al.37 | Nasopharynx | 22 | Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded | Overall | – Mutations in TP53 significantly enriched in patients with disease relapse. Significantly worse OS in TP53 mutant group |
Bosch et al.23 | Mixed | 361 | Snap frozen in pre-cooled isopentane/liquid nitrogen immediately after resection | Overall | – OS was not significantly different between TP53 mutation classes, irrespective of TNM stage, TP53 mutation type and tumour location |
Sisk et al.38 | Mixed | 32 | Snap frozen in liquid nitrogen | Overall | – Significantly worse OS in TP53 mutant group, and possible interaction between TP53 and HPV status |
Fallai et al.24 | Oropharynx | 68 | Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded | Overall Disease/progression-free Disease-specific | – No difference in survival between TP53 mutant vs WT group – No difference in OS, DFS and DSS between 'disruptive' TP53 mutation vs WT |
Bradford et al.25 | Larynx | 26 | Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded | Overall | – No significant difference between TP53 mutant group vs WT group in OS and response to chemotherapy – A significant association between TP53 mutations and advanced tumour stage was identified |
Mineta et al.39 | Mixed | 58 | Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded | Overall Disease-specific | – TP53 mutation significantly associated with worse OS |
Kozomara et al.40 | Oral | 42 | Fresh tumour sections (n = 38) and paraffin-embedded tissues (n = 12) | Overall | – TP53 mutation significantly associated with worse OS |
Miyahara et al.41 | Larynx | 28 | Fresh frozen (method not specified) | Overall | – TP53 mutation not significantly associated with worse OS – Worse survival identified in patients with p53 protein over-expression |
Chomchai et al.42 | Larynx | 45 | Snap frozen in liquid nitrogen | Overall Disease/progression-free | – OS was significantly better in patients with a TP53 mutation compared to WT – Trend towards improved DFS with TP53 mutation – No difference in progression-free survival between groups |
Lindenbergh-van der Plas et al.26 | Mixed | 141 | Snap frozen in liquid nitrogen | Overall Disease/progression-free | – No significant difference in PFS in TP53 mutants (overall) vs WT – Significantly worse PFS on multivariate analysis with truncating mutations in TP53 compared to WT – Disruptive mutations, hotspot mutations and mutations in DNA-binding domains appeared to have no significant influence on OS or PFS |
Bandoh et al.27 | Sinonasal | 57 | Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded | Overall Disease/progression-free | – No significant difference in OS and DFS between TP53 mutant and WT groups on multivariate analysis |
Yamazaki et al.28 | Oral | 118 | Snap frozen in liquid nitrogen | Overall | – No significant difference in OS between WT and mutant TP53 groups – Significantly worse OS in patients with TP53 mutations in conserved regions and DNA-binding domains vs other mutation sites |
Alsner et al.29 | Mixed | 114 | Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded | Overall Disease/progression-free Disease-specific | – Significantly worse loco-regional control in patients undergoing radiotherapy with TP53 mutations compared to WT, but not surgery – Significantly worse OS and DFS in patients with mutant p53 vs WT |
Russo et al.30 | Larynx | 81 | Fresh frozen (method not specified) | Overall Disease/progression-free | – TP53 mutation significantly associated with both poorer OS and DFS – Exon 5 TP53 mutations significantly associated with poorer OS and DFS, and exon 8 mutations associated with OS |
Poeta et al.31 | Mixed | 420 | Snap frozen at – 80 °C and paraffin-embedded specimens | Overall Disease/progression-free | – TP53 mutation significantly associated with worse OS – Disruptive TP53 mutations demonstrated significantly worse OS than WT, but non-disruptive TP53 mutations did not – Significantly reduced DFS in TP53 mutant group compared with WT, irrespective of mutation type |
Hong et al.43 | Oral | 202 | Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded | Overall Disease/progression-free | – TP53 mutation status not significantly associated with loco-regional control, DFS and OS on multivariate analysis |
Vossen et al.44 | Oral | 77 | Fresh frozen (method not specified) | Disease/progression-free | – No significant difference in PFS according to TP53 mutation status |
Resteghini et al.45 | Oral | 67 | Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) | Disease/progression-free | – No significant difference in DFS according to TP53 functional status, though trend towards improved prognosis with TP53 functioning patients |
Kozomara et al.46 | Oral | 32 | Fresh frozen (method not specified) | Disease/progression-free | – Significantly worse DFS in patients who were TP53 mutation-positive compared to WT |
