Table 1 Univariate twin analyses indicating the proportion of total variance in general media use, online victimisation and problematic media use captured by genetic and environmental sources of variation (95% confidence intervals in parentheses).

From: Gene-environment correlations and genetic confounding underlying the association between media use and mental health

Media use

A

C

E

Intraclass correlations

MZ

DZ

Problematic media

0.43

0.00

0.57

0.46

0.17

(0.40–0.45)

(0.00–0.00)

(0.54–0.60)

(0.43–0.49)

(0.14–0.20)

Online victimisation

0.26

0.00

0.74

0.26

0.15

(0.23–0.30)

(0.00–0.05)

(0.70–0.77)

(0.23–0.29)

(0.12–0.18)

General media

0.49

0.00

0.51

0.49

0.23

(0.42–0.51)

(0.00–0.00)

(0.49–0.54)

(0.46–0.51)

(0.21–0.26)

  1. A = additive genetic factors; C = shared (common) environmental factors that make siblings growing up in the same home more similar; E = unique/nonshared environmental factors that do not correlate between siblings, including measurement error. Intraclass correlations are reported for monozygotic (MZ problematic media n = 2890, online victimisation n = 2888 and general media n = 2886) and dizygotic (DZ problematic media n = 4879, online victimisation n = 4878 and general media n = 4858) twin pairs, including DZ opposite sex pairs. The 95% confidence intervals are presented under each estimate in brackets.
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