Table 1 Baseline characteristics according to tertiles of B-type natriuretic peptide.

From: Association between B-type natriuretic peptide and long-term mortality in patients with acute severe hypertension visiting the emergency department

 

All patients

(n = 3099)

Tertile 1*

(n = 1035)

Tertile 2†

(n = 1031)

Tertile 3‡

(n = 1033)

p-value

Age, median (IQR)

68 (55, 79)

56 (47, 64)§¶

71 (59, 80)↑

76 (65, 83)

 < 0.001

Women, n (%)

1435 (46.3)

353 (34.1)

534 (51.8)

548 (53.0)

 < 0.001

Medical history, n (%)

Hypertension

1827 (60.2)

451 (44.9)

630 (62.5)

746 (72.9)

 < 0.001

Diabetes mellitus

913 (30.4)

199 (20.0)

285 (28.7)

429 (42.2)

 < 0.001

Dyslipidemia

348 (11.7)

119 (12.0)

130 (13.2)

99 (9.8)

0.061

Ischemic stroke

292 (9.8)

46 (4.6)

116 (11.7)

130 (12.9)

 < 0.001

Hemorrhagic stroke

91 (3.1)

17 (1.7)

45 (4.6)

29 (2.9)

0.001

Coronary artery disease

425 (14.2)

85 (8.6)

145 (14.7)

195 (19.3)

 < 0.001

Heart failure

222 (7.4)

14 (1.4)

29 (2.9)

179 (17.8)

 < 0.001

Chronic kidney disease

321 (10.7)

17 (1.7)

57 (5.8)

247 (24.5)

 < 0.001

End-stage renal disease

155 (5.2)

1 (0.1)

11 (1.1)

143 (14.2)

 < 0.001

Social history, n (%)

Cigarette smoking

595 (25.6)

266 (37.2)

161 (21.1)

168 (19.8)

 < 0.001

Alcohol consumption

780 (33.4)

373 (51.8)

219 (28.7)

188 (22.1)

 < 0.001

Triage vitals, median (IQR)

SBP, mmHg

185 (166, 201)

180 (160, 194)§¶

187 (171, 205)

188 (173, 205)

 < 0.001

DBP, mmHg

104 (99, 113)

105 (101, 112)§¶

104 (96, 113)

104 (94, 114)

 < 0.001

Laboratory tests, median (IQR)

BNP, pg/mL

74 (26, 271)

18 (12, 26)§¶

75 (52, 109)↑

49 (271, 1171)

 < 0.001

Mean serum creatinine, mg/dL

0.87 (0.70, 1.14)

0.80 (0.69, 0.95)§¶

0.81 (0.65, 1.06)↑

1.10 (0.80, 2.24)

 < 0.001

Mean eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2

82 (55, 97)

96 (84, 106)§¶

82 (6, 95)↑

56 (23, 82)

 < 0.001

Troponin-I, ng/mL

0.01 (0.01, 0.04)

0.01 (0.01, 0.01)§¶

0.01 (0.01, 0.03)↑

0.04 (0.01, 0.08)

 < 0.001

Hb, g/dL

13.5 (11.9, 14.9)

14.6 (13.5, 15.6)§¶

13.4 (12.1, 14.7)↑

12.1 (10.4, 13.7)

 < 0.001

Urinary analysis

Proteinuriaa, n (%)

802 (38.3)

99 (17.5)

245 (33.2)

458 (58.2)

 < 0.001

Chest radiography

     

Cardiomegaly, n (%)

459 (15.3)

84 (8.4)

157 (15.7)

218 (21.7)

 < 0.001

Electrocardiography

LVH, n (%)

336 (11.2)

65 (6.5)

93 (9.3)

178 (17.7)

 < 0.001

Myocardial ischemia, n (%)

332 (11.0)

82 (8.2)

95 (9.5)

155 (15.4)

 < 0.001

Acute HMOD, n (%)

1486 (48.0)

379 (36.6)

419 (40.6)

688 (66.6)

 < 0.001

  1. Data are presented as n (%) or median (IQR), as appropriate. IQR, interquartile range; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; Hb, hemoglobin; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; HMOD, hypertension-mediated organ damage.
  2. *The range of BNP levels in tertile 1 is ≤ 37 pg/mL.
  3. †The range of BNP levels in tertile 2 was between > 37 and < 167 pg/mL.
  4. ‡The range of BNP levels in tertile 3 is ≥ 167 pg/mL.
  5. aProteinuria was defined as dipstick urinalysis result ≥ 1 + 
  6. §Post hoc p: tertile 1 versus tertile 2: statistically significant, p < 0.05.
  7. Post hoc p: tertile 1 versus tertile 3: statistically significant, p < 0.05.
  8. ↑Post hoc p: tertile 2 vs. tertile 3: statistically significant p < 0.05.
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