Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the four groups according to weekend catch-up sleep. All values are expressed as n (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Characteristics | No-WCS (n = 10,309) | Moderate WCS (n = 5044) | Severe WCS (n = 1355) | Inverse WCS (n = 957) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean ± SD | 54.25 ± 17.68 | 41.12 ± 16.29 | 34.39 ± 16.63 | 46.79 ± 18.01 | < 0.001 |
Age group | |||||
< 20 | 402 (3.90) | 646 (12.81) | 359 (26.49) | 68 (7.11) | < 0.001 |
≥ 20 and < 40 | 1942 (18.84) | 1646 (32.63) | 471 (34.76) | 300 (31.35) | |
≥ 40 and < 65 | 4488 (43.53) | 2356 (46.71) | 464 (34.24) | 410 (42.84) | |
≥ 65 and over | 3477 (33.73) | 396 (7.85) | 61 (4.50) | 179 (18.70) | |
Sex | |||||
Men | 4698 (45.57) | 2197 (43.56) | 621 (45.83) | 432 (45.14) | 0.112 |
Women | 5611 (54.43) | 2847 (56.44) | 734 (54.17) | 525 (54.86) | |
BMI, mean ± SD | 24.04 ± 3.52 | 23.54 ± 3.69 | 23.21 ± 3.92 | 24.18 ± 3.79 | < 0.001 |
Household income level | |||||
Low | 2432 (23.66) | 486 (9.65) | 129 (9.56) | 155 (16.2) | < 0.001 |
Medium–low | 2563 (24.94) | 1131 (22.46) | 332 (24.59) | 240 (25.08) | |
Medium–high | 2607 (25.37) | 1562 (31.02) | 437 (32.37) | 315 (32.92) | |
High | 2675 (26.03) | 1857 (36.87) | 452 (33.48) | 247 (25.81) | |
Marital status | |||||
Yes | 8783 (85.2) | 3474 (68.87) | 652 (48.12) | 731 (76.38) | < 0.001 |
No | 1526 (14.8) | 1570 (31.13) | 703 (51.88) | 226 (23.62) | |
Employment status | |||||
Employed | 5448 (52.85) | 3258 (64.59) | 833 (61.48) | 588 (61.44) | < 0.001 |
Unemployed or economically inactive | 4657 (45.17) | 1535 (30.43) | 429 (31.66) | 333 (34.80) | |
Not applicable (< 15 year) | 196 (1.9) | 250 (4.96) | 93 (6.86) | 35 (3.66) | |
Unknown/no response | 8 (0.08) | 1 (0.02) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.1) | |
Degree of perceived stress | |||||
Extreme | 460 (4.46) | 203 (4.02) | 78 (5.76) | 61 (6.37) | < 0.001 |
Very | 2106 (20.43) | 1185 (23.49) | 384 (28.34) | 227 (23.72) | |
Somewhat | 5665 (54.95) | 2989 (59.26) | 734 (54.17) | 511 (53.40) | |
A little | 2042 (19.81) | 662 (13.12) | 156 (11.51) | 156 (16.30) | |
Unknown/no response | 36 (0.35) | 5 (0.1) | 3 (0.22) | 2 (0.21) | |
Smoking status | |||||
Non-smoker | 6210 (60.24) | 3397 (67.35) | 904 (66.72) | 583 (60.92) | < 0.001 |
Ex-smoker | 2362 (22.91) | 845 (16.75) | 165 (12.18) | 154 (16.09) | |
Current smoker | 1707 (16.56) | 796 (15.78) | 283 (20.89) | 219 (22.88) | |
Unknown/no response | 30 (0.29) | 6 (0.12) | 3 (0.22) | 1 (0.1) | |
Binge alcohol consumption | |||||
Occasional (< 1 time/week) | 5196 (50.4) | 2855 (56.6) | 719 (53.06) | 487 (50.89) | < 0.001 |
Frequent (≥ 1 time/week) | 1701 (16.5) | 843 (16.71) | 235 (17.34) | 188 (19.64) | |
Unknown/no response | 3412 (33.1) | 1346 (26.69) | 401 (29.59) | 282 (29.47) | |
Medium-intensity physical activity | |||||
Yes | 633 (6.14) | 485 (9.62) | 164 (12.1) | 86 (8.99) | < 0.001 |
No | 9467 (91.83) | 4201 (83.29) | 986 (72.77) | 841 (87.88) | |
Unknown/no response | 209 (2.03) | 358 (7.1) | 205 (15.13) | 30 (3.13) | |
Sleep duration, mean ± SD | |||||
Total | 7.23 ± 1.36 | 7.25 ± 1.12 | 7.05 ± 1.3 | 7.41 ± 1.25 | < 0.001 |
Weekday | 7.22 ± 1.36 | 6.81 ± 1.13 | 5.95 ± 1.35 | 7.82 ± 1.28 | < 0.001 |
Weekend | 7.26 ± 1.37 | 8.35 ± 1.17 | 9.81 ± 1.48 | 6.39 ± 1.31 | < 0.001 |
Bedtime inconsistency | |||||
Consistent | 9853(95.58) | 4498(89.18) | 1045(77.12) | 555(57.99) | < 0.001 |
Inconsistent | 456(4.42) | 546(10.82) | 310(22.88) | 402(42.01) | |
High risk for CVD | |||||
Yes | 4280 (41.52) | 1019 (20.2) | 195 (14.39) | 312 (32.6) | < 0.001 |
No | 5679 (55.09) | 3436 (68.12) | 833 (61.48) | 595 (62.17) | |
Unknown/no response | 350 (3.4) | 589 (11.68) | 327 (24.13) | 50 (5.22) | |
Cancer | |||||
Yes | 604 (5.86) | 152 (3.01) | 23 (1.7) | 39 (4.08) | < 0.001 |
No | 9355 (90.75) | 4303 (85.31) | 1005 (74.17) | 867 (90.6) | |
Unknown/no response | 350 (3.4) | 589 (11.68) | 327 (24.13) | 51 (5.33) | |
