Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the study participants.
Characteristic | Healthy controls | Patients with CKD (n = 25) | Patients on HD (n = 29) | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Without DM | With DM | Without DM | With DM | |||
N | 12 | 14 | 11 | 16 | 13 | |
Sex (male, %) | 100 | 36 | 64 | 25 | 8 | 0.001 |
Age | 33.5 ± 13.5 | 62.5 ± 16.2 | 64.8 ± 10.4 | 50.8 ± 14.7 | 64.6 ± 12.0 | < 0.0001 |
Height (cm) | 171.0 ± 4.1 | 158.3 ± 12.7 | 159.3 ± 7.3 | 165.8 ± 5.7 | 166.8 ± 9.6 | 0.020 |
Weight (kg) | 63.2 ± 7.8 | 60.8 ± 15.9 | 69.9 ± 15.4 | 59.6 ± 10.4 | 64.2 ± 13.8 | 0.325 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 21.6 ± 2.4 | 24.0 ± 4.2 | 27.8 ± 7.2 | 21.6 ± 3.3 | 23.0 ± 3.8 | 0.005 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 3.3 ± 2.1 | 2.9 ± 1.3 | Renal death (13.0 ± 5.5) | Renal death (8.6 ± 6.8) | < 0.0001 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 81.7 ± 14.6 | 20.3 ± 16.1 | 21.0 ± 10.5 | Renal death (4.0 ± 1.3) | Renal death (12.9 ± 15.5) | < 0.0001 |
HbA1c (NGSP) (%) | N/A | 6.3 ± 0.9 | ||||
Glycoalbumin (%) | N/A | 20.0 ± 3.3 | ||||
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 121.5 ± 8.8 | 140.9 ± 26.4 | 129.5 ± 18.5 | 139.5 ± 30.3 | 149.8 ± 25.4 | 0.152 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 81.5 ± 8.0 | 81.8 ± 18.6 | 73.8 ± 15.8 | 82.4 ± 17.5 | 75.5 ± 12.0 | 0.531 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 15.2 ± 0.5 | 10.7 ± 1.6 | 10.3 ± 2.0 | 10.2 ± 1.3 | 10.4 ± 1.8 | < 0.0001 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 189.2 ± 8.8 | 202.5 ± 56.2 | 151.8 ± 43.6 | 151.9 ± 25.2 | 126.2 ± 19.6 | < 0.0001 |
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 54.6 ± 8.4 | 52.7 ± 25.7 | 44.3 ± 11.5 | 48.9 ± 14.0 | 36.0 ± 8.9 | 0.068 |
Coronary artery disease (%) | 0 | 0 | 9 | 6 | 15 | 0.446 |
Stroke (%) | 0 | 7 | 0 | 6 | 8 | 0.803 |
Smoking habit (%) | 8 | 57 | 73 | 38 | 38 | 0.020 |
