Table 2 Summary of electric potential at fracture site in sheep.

From: Efficacy of bone stimulators in large-animal models and humans may be limited by weak electric fields reaching fracture

Sheep model: early-stage healing

Measurement pair (mV)

Stimulation electrode configuration

A

B

C

D

E

Monopolar (over defect)

751

1773

2677

0

0

Monopolar (opposite defect)

54

152

34

0

1

Bipolar (on opposite ends)

940

1305

2430

0

0

Bipolar (both opposite defect)

35

475

555

435

1235

Bipolar (both over defect)

840

5385

3725

1295

1125

Cadaver: bipolar (both over defect) (n = 5)

NA

680 SD 550

NA

NA

NA