Table 4 Water and ammonium extractable nutrient concentrations of soils treated with different urea fertilizer (mg/kg).

From: Monitoring of plant-induced electrical signal of pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.) according to urea fertilizer application

Nutrients

Extractant

Greenhouse

Field

Low fertilizer (N0)

Control (N1)

High fertilizer (N2)

Low fertilizer (N0)

Control (N1)

High fertilizer (N1.5)

Ca

H2O

20.22 ± 3.64 a

28.56 ± 6.43 a

17.30 ± 15.70 a

8.69 ± 2.73 a

5.02 ± 3.78 a

4.53 ± 1.73 a

NH4OAC

158.0 ± 4.8 a

160.5 ± 13.5 a

156.5 ± 4.5 a

648.3 ± 79.3 a

601.5 ± 34.7 a

620.6 ± 182.5 a

K

H2O

10.24 ± 1.14 a

9.97 ± 2.44 ab

5.19 ± 4.34 b

44.28 ± 30.02 a

33.66 ± 12.82 a

20.35 ± 17.30 a

NH4OAC

17.77 ± 1.45 a

14.45 ± 1.63 b

13.26 ± 0.53 b

326.7 ± 186.2 a

319.6 ± 117.3 a

221.9 ± 112.8 a

Mg

H2O

3.03 ± 0.65 a

4.74 ± 1.75 a

2.40 ± 2.17 a

5.37 ± 2.25 a

2.99 ± 2.19 a

2.29 ± 1.13 a

NH4OAC

14.07 ± 0.41 a

14.55 ± 1.24 a

14.16 ± 0.66 a

227.0 ± 14.4 a

213.6 ± 16.1 a

173.5 ± 22.0 b

P

H2O

2.28 ± 0.14 a

2.12 ± 0.25 a

1.03 ± 0.86 b

0.65 ± 0.60 a

0.33 ± 0.07 a

0.24 ± 0.05 a

S

H2O

12.07 ± 1.39 a

14.51 ± 2.55 a

11.19 ± 9.23 a

10.72 ± 4.89 a

9.09 ± 3.35 a

8.57 ± 3.33 a

NH4+-N

KCl

12.71 ± 0.51 a

12.54 ± 0.51 a

14.52 ± 3.13 a

3.71 ± 1.88 a

1.45 ± 0.81 a

2.38 ± 0.49 a

pH

7.42 ± 0.12 a

7.15 ± 0.11 b

7.04 ± 0.07 b

6.25 ± 0.78 a

5.66 ± 0.40 a

5.28 ± 0.03 a

EC (µS/cm)

53.55 ± 7.56 b

79.94 ± 10.27 a

84.27 ± 11.74 a

63.51 ± 0.78 a

52.97 ± 0.40 a

29.93 ± 0.03 b

  1. Significant differences among different treatment groups were marked with different letters (p < 0.05).