Table 1 Subject demographics and baseline findings.

From: Screening fundus photography predicts and reveals risk factors for glaucoma conversion in eyes with large optic disc cupping

 

The Glaucoma conversion group (n = 144 eyes of 109 subjects)

The Control group

(n = 324 eyes of 162 subjects)

P-values

Age, yrs

48.3 (42.2–53.9)

46.7 (40.8–52.6)

0.16*

Gender, female, n (%)

38 (34.9)

59 (36.4)

0.79†

FU period, yrs

11.6 (9.9–13.7)

12.4 (11.0–13.7)

0.07*

Vertical CDR

0.64 (0.62–0.69)

0.62 (0.59–0.65)

 < 0.001*

Vertical CDR < 0.7, n (%)

111 (77.1)

312 (96.3)

 < 0.001†

Vertical CDR \(\ge\) 0.7, n(%)

33 (22.9)

12 (3.7)

 

Vertical cupping, n (%)

76 (52.8)

105 (32.4)

 < 0.001

ISNT rule violation, n (%)

11 (7.6)

5 (1.5)

0.002

Disc ovality

1.14 (1.07–1.19)

1.11 (1.06–1.17)

0.01*

Disc ovality < 1.2, n (%)

109 (75.7)

267 (82.4)

0.12†

Disc ovality \(\ge\) 1.2, n (%)

35 (24.3)

57 (17.6)

 

PPA-to-DA ratio

0.21 (0–0.40)

0.16 (0–0.28)

0.004*

PPA-to-DA ratio < 0.40, n (%)

107 (74.3)

287 (88.6)

 < 0.001†

PPA-to-DA ratio \(\ge\) 0.40, n (%)

37 (25.7)

37 (11.4)

 

PPA enlargement

30 (20.8)

4 (1.2)

 < 0.001

LC pore visibility, n (%)

38 (26.4)

71 (21.9)

0.35†

CRVT nasalization, %

62.1 (54.0–71.4)

59.3 (52.2–68.6)

0.01*

CRVT nasalization < 60%, n (%)

64 (44.4)

176 (54.3)

0.06†

CRVT nasalization \(\ge\) 60%, n (%)

80 (55.6)

148 (45.7)

 

Bayoneting of blood vessels, n (%)

93 (64.6)

248 (76.5)

0.01†

Baring of circumlinear vessels, n (%)

26 (18.1)

58 (17.9)

 > 0.99†

DH history, n (%)

50 (34.7)

4 (1.2)

 < 0.001†

Foveo-disc angle

6.71 (4.93–9.34)

6.96 (4.71–9.36)

0.29*

Vessel narrowing/sclerotic change, n (%)

62 (43.1)

40 (12.3)

 < 0.001†

Cotton wool spot history, n (%)

5 (3.5)

4 (1.2)

0.14†

Baseline IOP, mmHg

15 (13–16)

14 (12–16)

0.03*

Baseline IOP < 14 mmHg, n (%)

45 (31.2)

144 (44.4)

0.01

Baseline IOP \(\ge\) 14 mmHg, n (%)

99 (68.8)

180 (55.6)

 

Mean IOP, mmHg

14.0 (13.0–16.0)

13.9 (12.2–15.4)

0.04‡

Mean IOP < 13 mmHg, n (%)

29 (20.1)

117 (36.1)

0.001

Mean IOP \(\ge\) 13 mmHg, n (%)

115 (79.9)

207 (63.9)

 

Peak IOP, mmHg

17 (15–19)

16 (14–18)

 < 0.001*

Peak IOP < 16 mmHg, n (%)

49 (34.0)

156 (48.1)

0.006

Peak IOP \(\ge\) 16 mmHg, n (%)

95 (66.0)

168 (51.9)

 

IOP fluctuation, mmHg

1.7 (1.0–2.0)

1.6 (1.2–2.0)

0.40*

IOP fluctuation < 2.0 mmHg, n (%)

84 (58.3)

250 (77.2)

 < 0.001

IOP fluctuation \(\ge\) 2.0 mmHg, n (%)

60 (41.7)

74 (22.8)

 

DM, n (%)

13 (11.9)

11 (6.8)

0.14†

HTN, n (%)

32 (29.4)

36 (22.2)

0.18†

  1. Values are median (interquartile range). *Comparison was performed using Mann–Whitney test. †Comparison was performed using chi-square test. ‡Comparison was performed using student t-test. Statistically significant P-values after Holm-Bonferroni method are shown in bold. RNFL: retinal nerve fiber layer; FU: follow-up; HTN: hypertension; DM: diabetes mellitus; IOP: intraocular pressure; CDR: cup-to-disc ratio; ISNT: inferior-supeior-nasal-temporal; PPA: peripapillary atrophy; DA: disc area; LC: lamina cribrosa; CRVT: central retinal vessel trunk; DH: disc hemorrhage.
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