Table 1 Patients’ baseline clinical characteristics at ICU admission.

From: Prediction and risk assessment of sepsis-associated encephalopathy in ICU based on interpretable machine learning

Characteristics

Non-SAE group (n = 4251)

SAE group (n = 4684)

p value

Demographic

Gender (Male), n (%)

1107 (26.0%)

1206 (25.7%)

0.249

Age, years

66.33 ± 16.26

68.10 ± 16.44

< 0.001

Ethnicity n (%)

0.007

White

3073 (72.3%)

3269 (69.8%)

 

Black

434 (10.2%)

417 (8.9%)

 

Asian

89 (2.1%)

112 (2.4%)

 

Hispanic or Latino

89 (2.1%)

94 (2.0%)

 

Others

565 (13.3%)

796 (17.0%)

 

First care unit, n (%)

< 0.001

MICU

1908 (44.9%)

1881 (40.2%)

 

TSICU

357 (8.4%)

634 (13.5%)

 

CSRU

721 (17.0%)

682 (14.5%)

 

CCU

615 (14.5%)

585 (12.5%)

 

SICU

646 (15.2%)

905 (19.3%)

 

Severe score

SAPSII

21.88 ± 9.54

29.04 ± 11.20

< 0.001

GCS

15.00 ± 0.00

10.42 ± 2.74

< 0.001

SOFA

4.27 ± 2.15

5.58 ± 2.71

< 0.001

Comorbidity, n (%)

Hypertension

1597 (37.6%)

1734 (37.0%)

0.69

Diabetes

1306 (30.7%)

1233 (26.3%)

0.001

Hypothyroidism

431 (10.1%)

472 (10.1%)

0.936

Coagulopathy

163 (3.8%)

203 (4.3%)

0.392

Physical

Mean Heartrate (min−1)

88.07 ± 15.26

88.63 ± 16.15

0.201

RR (min−1)

20.00 ± 4.25

18.91 ± 4.46

< 0.001

Temperature (°C)

36.89 ± 0.61

37.10 ± 0.71

< 0.001

SpO2 (%)

97.08 ± 2.06

97.54 ± 3.35

< 0.001

Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)

76.97 ± 11.31

77.78 ± 10.74

0.001

Laboratory results

Creatinine(mg/dl)

1.62(0.7–1.5) *

1.40 (0.7–1.3) *

< 0.001

Phosphorus (mg/dl)

3.57 ± 1.27

3.57 ± 1.31

0.938

Chlorine (mmol/L)

104.60 ± 5.99

106.04 ± 6.15

< 0.001

Sodium (K/uL)

138.28 ± 4.14

139.44 ± 4.93

< 0.001

Potassium (K/uL)

4.15 ± 0.71

4.06 ± 0.64

< 0.001

Glucose (mg/dl)

141.87 ± 59.89

147.97 ± 60.86

< 0.001

Platelet Count

231.56 (144.0–288.5) *

239.83(148.25–304.0) *

0.03

White blood cell count(K/uL)

12.92 (8.0–15.6) *

13.89 (8.8–17.1) *

< 0.001

Red blood cell

3.51 ± 0.86

3.54 ± 0.65

0.02

PCO2 (mmHg)

42.68 ± 10.62

42.79 ± 12.67

0.18

pH

7.38 ± 0.07

7.37 ± 0.09

0.274

BUN(K/uL)

25.38 ± 17.35

25.61 ± 17.44

0.751

Hemogloblin(g/dL)

10.42 ± 1.73

10.59 ± 2.11

0.009

PT(s)

15.61 ± 5.53

15.45 ± 4.87

0.884

RDW (%)

15.57 ± 2.29

15.33 ± 2.20

< 0.001

MCV (fL)

89.28 ± 6.92

89.95 ± 6.52

< 0.001

Microorganisms, n (%)

Gram-positive

623 (23.6%)

747 (35.8%)

< 0.001

Gram-negative

754 (28.5%)

890 (42.7%)

< 0.001

Fungus

135 (5.1%)

166 (8.0%)

< 0.001

Others, n (%)

Mechanical ventilation n (%)

740 (28.0%)

1078 (51.7%)

< 0.001

Vasopressor n (%)

805 (30.5%)

827 (39.7%)

< 0.001

ICU stay time, days n (%)

4.68(1.78–4.70) *

9.60 (3.08–12.55) *

< 0.001

  1. *Presented as median (interquartile range).
  2. CCU coronary care unit, CSRU cardiac surgical intensive care unit, MICU medical intensive care unit, SICU surgical intensive care unit, TSICU trauma/surgical intensive care unit, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, SAPSII the simplified acute physiology score, GCS Glasgow Coma Score, RDW red blood cell distribution widths, MCV mean corpuscular volume, RR respiratory rate.
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