Table 5 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants in Experiment 2.

From: A model for estimating the brainstem volume in normal healthy individuals and its application to diffuse axonal injury patients

Characteristics

DAI patients (n = 22)

Healthy controls (n = 60)

P-value

Agea (years)

36 (21–61)

33.5 (22–64)

0.593b

Sex (male/female)

17/5

47/13

1.000c

Time since injurya (months)

53 (5–355)

  

Cause of injury (n)

Traffic accident, n = 21; fall, n = 1

  

Anatomical grading for DAId (persons)

Stage I, n = 8; stage II, n = 4; stage III, n = 3; stage IV, n = 2; stage 0, n = 4; NA, n = 1

  

GCS scorea

10 (3–15) (n = 11)

  

JCS scorea

200 (2–300) (n = 7)

  

PTAa, e (weeks)

7.5 (1–26)

  

Injury severity by GCS or JCS (n)

severe 11, moderate 2, mild 5, undetermined 4

  
  1. aMedian (range).
  2. bGroups were compared with the Mann–Whitney U test.
  3. cGroups were compared with the chi-square test.
  4. dAnatomical grading for DAI: stage I, hemispheric lesions; stage II, hemispheric and additional corpus callosum lesions; stage III, brainstem lesions; stage IV, lesions in the substantia nigra or mesencephalic tegmentum; stage 0, absence of hemorrhagic spots in chronic-phase images but evidence of microbleeds on acute-phase X-ray computed tomography images.
  5. e “PTA (weeks) = X” indicates “7X–6 ≤ PTA (days) ≤ 7X”. For example, “PTA (weeks) = 2” indicates “PTA (days) = 8–14”.
  6. DAI Diffuse axonal injury, GCS Glasgow coma scale, JCS Japan coma scale, PTA Duration of posttraumatic amnesia, NA Not available.
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