Table 1 Effects of hosting the Olympic Games with an aggregate dummy variable.

From: The less obvious effect of hosting the Olympics on sporting performance

 

Baseline model

Extended model

Total

Men

Women

Total

Men

Women

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

Main

Host

0.467***

0.473***

0.415***

0.257***

0.279***

0.198*

(0.0820)

(0.103)

(0.113)

(0.0818)

(0.103)

(0.115)

AM

0.725***

1.222***

1.271***

0.600***

1.053***

1.108***

(0.0295)

(0.0499)

(0.0642)

(0.0258)

(0.0509)

(0.0567)

lnGDPpc

   

0.415***

0.353***

0.464***

   

(0.0237)

(0.0246)

(0.0314)

lnPOP

   

0.170***

0.126***

0.218***

   

(0.0150)

(0.0182)

(0.0217)

Communist bloc

   

0.668***

0.584***

0.724***

   

(0.0498)

(0.0580)

(0.0710)

OG FE

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Sport FE

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Constant

 − 1.890***

 − 2.348***

 − 2.803***

 − 8.878***

 − 7.970***

 − 11.14***

(0.134)

(0.154)

(0.204)

(0.422)

(0.475)

(0.586)

Inflate

lnGDPpc

 − 1.232***

 − 1.310***

 − 1.253***

 − 0.197

0.460

 − 1.026***

(0.114)

(0.185)

(0.150)

(0.622)

(1.017)

(0.377)

lnPOP

 − 1.181***

 − 1.433***

 − 1.244***

 − 1.312***

 − 1.526***

 − 1.358***

(0.0976)

(0.187)

(0.124)

(0.138)

(0.218)

(0.230)

Constant

27.63***

31.16***

29.84***

18.42**

14.46

27.54***

(2.024)

(3.509)

(2.674)

(7.270)

(9.509)

(6.202)

Observations

12,957

12,957

12,957

12,957

12,957

12,957

  1. Robust standard errors in parentheses.
  2. *p < 0.1, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01.