Table 2 Quality of the included studies using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale.

From: Nitrate contamination in drinking water and adverse reproductive and birth outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

 

Selection

Comparability

Outcome

Total

Cohort study

Cedergren 2002

7

Ebdrup 2022

9

Migeot 2013

 Migeot 2013

8

 Limousi 2014

8

 Albouy-Llaty 2016

8

 Sherris 2021

8

Stayner 2022

 Stayner 2022

8

 Coffman 2022

8

 Coffman 2021

8

 Thomsen 2021

8

Case–control study

Arbuckle 1988

5

Aschengrau 1989

6

Aschengrau 1993

5

Brender 2004

6

Brender 2013

7

Croen 2001

5

Dorsch 1984

7

Ericson 1988

6

Holtby 2014

7

Liu 2008

5

Waller 2010

7

  1. Scale is from 0–9, where values ≥ 7 are compatible with good study quality.