Figure 1
From: Effects of imeglimin on mitochondrial function, AMPK activity, and gene expression in hepatocytes
Effects of imeglimin and metformin on mitochondrial respiration and ROS production in HepG2 cells and mouse primary hepatocytes. (A, B) OCR of HepG2 cells after stimulation with vehicle (control) or with metformin (A) or imeglimin (B) at 1, 3, or 10 mmol/l for 3 h. (C–E) Basal respiration (the difference between the last rate measurement before oligomycin addition and the minimum rate measurement after rotenone/antimycin A addition) (C), respiration coupled to ATP production (the difference between the last rate measurement before oligomycin addition and the minimum rate measurement after oligomycin addition) (D), and maximal respiration (the difference between the maximum rate measurement after FCCP addition and the minimum rate measurement after oligomycin addition) (E) for the cells in (A) and (B). (F, G) OCR of mouse primary hepatocytes after stimulation with vehicle (control) or with metformin (F) or imeglimin (G) at 0.25, 1, 3, or 10 mmol/l for 3 h. (H–J) Basal respiration (H), respiration coupled to ATP production (I), and maximal respiration (J) for the cells in (F) and (G). (K) ROS of HepG2 cells after stimulation with vehicle (control) or with metformin (A) or imeglimin (B) at 1, 3, or 10 mmol/l for 12 h. All quantitative data are means ± SEM (n = 3 independent experiments). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, ns (one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test) for (C–E, H–K).
